The Malaysian Business Code of Ethics - 2442 Words

The Malaysian Business Code of Ethics (Rukuniaga) Introduction The Malaysian Business Code of Ethics is based on the religions, philosophical and cultural values of Malaysian. It was undertaken by national Consumer’s Protection Consultative Council and Ministry of Domestic Trade and Consumer Affairs to develop self regulation among traders in Malaysia. Objective The Malaysian Business Code of Ethics was formulated with the objective of: - * Preparing the main principles to be applied by Malaysian trader for the benefit of themselves and their customers. * Would help archive high ethical standards among traders so that the interests of all parties are safeguard which in turn would bolster national economic growth. *†¦show more content†¦Why it is so, can form a subject matter of a thesis so will not be a debate matter for this particular article. This article though, discusses the various ethical issues in the business that affect all business workplaces, whether they are local or international. Let us have a look at the ethical issues in business, that are listed below in random order of importance. In business ethics, there is hardly a proper line which can be held on to like the bible, for ethics often sacrifice profits and the idea is to find the optimal balance between the two, so that the business conscience is clear and the profits are reasonable. Know more on ethics in workplace. In a Free, Unregulated Self-Ethics Model If business ethics and values are left to the self of business houses and entrepreneurs, society may have many dead weight losses to bear. A few producers can collectively skimp on supply to increase market prices, a few strong buyers may collectively reduce demand till prices fall and a single entity can capture the entire supply chain and refuse its services to the free market and reserve them for the best price. To top it, the labor market can unite and ask for unreasonable increases in wages and the public transport unions can stand up for price hikes. Who decides whether all this is reasonable and hence ethical, or unreasonable and thus unethical? Who says that an earner who earns lower than the minimum wages is entitled to a wage increase even by somewhat unethical measuresShow MoreRelatedA Study On Malaysian Institute Of Accountants1416 Words   |  6 PagesMalaysian Institute of Accountants By-Laws Background The Malaysian Institute of Accountants website offers viewing of the code of ethics for practicing accountants (2010). As per the website and information therein, The Malaysian Institute of Accountants set up the Ethics Standard Board in June 2009 in order to supplement the Malaysian Government’s push to promote greater integrity and ethics. The vision of the Ethics Standard Board is to adopt high quality professional and ethical standards forRead MoreDifferences between American and Chinese Business Values984 Words   |  4 Pagespreferences towards the products, yet, the business strategies and cultural issues are overlapping. Moreover, people possessed several of cultural senses and beliefs in views, opinions, and perhaps in decision making, that there will be more understanding and the ability to cope with different cultures. There are similarities between American and Chinese which is in business ethic values, assimilation of current cultures, punctuality, and consensus: 1. Business ethic values Ethical behavioural is whichRead MoreXmgt/216 Business Ethics Across Culture Article Review1313 Words   |  6 PagesBusiness Ethics Across Culture Article Review Matthew Todd XMGT/216 June 2, 2012 Mike Ishmael Business Ethics Across Culture Article Review The first article I would like to elaborate on would be one about business ethics in Singapore. This country has the reputation of being very strict in nature and sometimes unforgiving in the consequences that they often give to people. Over time they have loosened their grip on social matters but still seem to be strict in their manners of businessRead MoreWhat Is Advertising?1110 Words   |  4 PagesAdvertisement is defined as an act of advertising. It is a medium chosen by business sphere in order to introduce their products or services to the public. For instance, poster, radio advertisement, television advertisement, notices, and other paid advertisement are designed to attract the consumers. Advertisement more concern on images and graphics instead of words. While, advertising is defined as non personal communication of information usually paid for attract the buyers. Advertising is essentiallyRead MoreFiddle or Not to Fiddle2003 Words   |  9 Pagesreporting? | | 5 | What are the Accounting standards a Malaysian accountant has to comply with? | | 6 | â€Å"Those  foreign accountants like  to  show an account making a loss, to avoid paying tax†, alleged the Economic Officer. Can it be true? | 6 | 7 | How  and  with what  would you „educate‟ the directors and management staff of the company? | | 8 | References | 7 | * SUMMARY The case is about a financial controller in a Sino – Malaysian joint venture was asked by a director representing theRead MoreJextra Case2919 Words   |  12 Pagesinclude those related to law, culture, and ethics. The report also analyzes anti-bribery corruption enacted by the U.K Bribery Act and the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA). The report concludes with recommendations to Jextra such as seeking proper legal advice, implementing an effective business code of conduct, providing inter-cultural and ethics training to managers, using a geocentrism approach and conducting an internal investigation for the Malaysian category manager. Analysis SocialRead MoreEthics And Morality : Ethics1672 Words   |  7 PagesEthics had the meaning of by showing the moral virtue or showing moral character. Ethics has some connection with rules; which if the behavior of human is well formed and cautiously controlled, it will result the human get approach into desirable way, even if the rules does not stated any things or what to do in particular scenario. There are claims about the equality between ethics and morals in way of definition and the objective but it is not. Actually, morals is a matter of discipline that tellingRead More Business Ethics Essay3290 Words   |  14 Pagesarticle entitled â€Å"Business ethics are set to set to stage a comeback† was published on the 75th page of The Australian Financial Review on the 6th February 1990. Literature Review nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Basically, the article discussed several important issues about business ethics. One of the most prominent was the remark she made about business ethics making a comeback. The conclusion was made upon the fact that business ethics are becoming more and more popular among business practitionersRead MoreEthical and Unethical Behavior in Business662 Words   |  3 PagesEthical behaviour in business is essential for the long term survival of both private and public organisations. Do you agree or disagree? Explain. The recent history is littered with organisations that collapsed because of unethical practises .Governments everywhere are increasing concerned with poor business conduct as they affect, not only the organisation but their shareholders and the national economies as a whole. This essay will look at a few recent examples of private companies that collapsedRead MoreHow The Efforts Of Global Accounting Needs Global Standard Ethics? Essay3565 Words   |  15 PagesNeeds Global Standard Ethics? If you were traveling on matter to Mexico City for the first tense, you d be wise to research the local fluency, laws and business etiquette. Similarly, if your audience client operates a greater subsidiary in Mexico and your audit report will be relied upon by users of the principal s bursal statements in Mexico, you need a working notice of international professional standards. You should know approximately the accounting, auditing, ethics and temper control standards

Dbq - American Revolution - 950 Words

One of the most significant events in the history of America was the American Revolution. It was not so significant because of the number of deaths or the affects it had on Americas relationship with Great Britain, but more because of the changes it caused in society socially, economically, and politically. American society was greatly affected socially by the American Revolution. Compared to women in Europe, women in America already held a slightly greater role in society. That role would grow even larger by the end of the Revolution. The artwork of the time shows that the American soldiers and minutemen often depended on their wives, not only to assist them in their duties at camp but also to run the communities while they were off†¦show more content†¦The greatest effects of the American Revolution lie in the political changes of American society between 1775 and 1800. The changes brought about during these times laid the foundation for the strong government of today. Although their first attempt at a Constitution did not succeed, the Articles of Confederation was a very important document in American history. It was ratified in 1781 and lasted until 1789. It had a weak central government and faced problems such as Shays Rebellion, the Newburgh Conspiracy, a large amount of debt, and other problems with farmers, merchants, artisans, and manufacturers. There were four main reasons the central government faced these problems: 1. They could not tax or make states give them money. 2. They could not control commerce between states. 3. Not only could the nation coin money, the states could coin money as well. 4. They could not make people fight in the military. At the Annapolis Convention, Hamilton and Madison, along with others, realized that changes needed to be made to the Articles of Confederation and made plans to meet later in Philadelphia with representatives from each state. It was there that the Constitution was written after many long months of consideration and compromising. On December 7, 1787 Delaware unanimously voted to ratify, with most states following shortly after. It was ratified early in 1788. AlthoughShow MoreRelatedAmerican Revolution Dbq5241 Words   |  21 PagesAmerican Revolution DBQ AP US History Mr. Hodgson Question From the late 1760s to July 4,1776, American colonists moved from merely protesting the decisions of King and Parliament to a Declaration of Independence and a Revolutionary War to overthrow that authority. Using both your own knowledge and the documents provided, identify and discuss the turning points which marked this changing relationship. Document A Document B SOURCE: George Hewes, 1773 - FirsthandRead MoreDBQ #1 : Political, Social and Economic effects of the American Revolution2546 Words   |  11 PagesThe American Revolution was fought from 1775 to 1783, between [former] colonies and british soldiers. The revolution was fought so that the colonist could get from under the british government which they felt was overbearing and had been misusing their powers. The revolution which ended in seventeen eighty-three with the signing of the treaty of Paris. The former colonies where now their own individual entity, they were now Americans; living in the newly renamed United States. Post- American RevolutionRead MoreTo What Extent Did the American Revolution Fundamentally Change American Society?851 Words   |  4 PagesVieira September 24, 2012 DBQ: To what extent did the American Revolution fundamentally change American society? In your answer, be sure to address the political, social and economic effects of the Revolution in the period from 1775 to 1800. After the American Revolution, Americans, who were free of British control, started to reevaluate politics, the economy and society. After breaking away from what they thought was a corrupt and evil government, Americans changed how they wanted to governRead MoreEssay on Development of the American Identity Between 1750 and 1776919 Words   |  4 PagesKeum Yong (Andrew) Lee DBQ – Score 8/9 (95) In what ways and to what extent did the â€Å"American identity† develop between 1750 and 1776? Though the American colonists had not achieved a true, uniform sense of identity or unity by 1776, on the eve of Revolution, the progress towards unity and the inchoate idea of an â€Å"American† between 1750 and 1776 is inevitable in both existence and significance. Previous to the French and Indian War, America as a whole had been, more or less, loyal mercantile-basedRead MoreWomen Reform Dbq1105 Words   |  5 PagesDBQ During the time period from the end of the American Revolution to the Civil War, American womanhood changed greatly. Due to differing beliefs during the time the American women’s ideals became to change. At the time, main beliefs were the â€Å"republican motherhood†, or the thought that women had power in the country’s politics in the sense that they raised the next generation, and the â€Å"cult of domesticity†, or the thought that women should be submissive, moral, and take care of their husbands andRead MoreDBQ for AP US History Essay2093 Words   |  9 Pagesstill happened 3. How did the treatment of Americans by British officers and the military, during the war, contribute to simmering resentment against the mother country? Do the attitudes and behavior of the colonists during the war suggest that Americans felt less real patriotic loyalty to Britain and that the ties had become largely practical ones? The way the British officers treated the Americans during the revolutionary led to the Americans having even more reason to want to rebel, yes byRead MoreAp Exam Essays1660 Words   |  7 PagesSuburbanization †¢ The growth of the Sun Belt †¢ Immigration to the United States 2009 [pic]AP Exam Essays 1. DBQ: From 1775 to 1830, many African Americans gained fredom from slavery, yet during the same period the institution of slavery expanded. Explain why BOTH of these changes took place. Analyze the ways that BOTH free African Americans and enslaved African Americans responded to the challenges confronting them. 2. Analyze the ways in which British imperial policies between 1763 andRead MoreMath Essay843 Words   |  4 PagesGeneral Information on the DBQ The required DBQ differs from the standard essays in its emphasis on your ability to analyze and synthesize historical data and assess verbal, quantitative, or pictorial materials as historical evidence. Like the standard essays, however, the DBQ is judged on its thesis and argument. Although confined to no single format, the documents are unlikely to be the familiar classics (such as the Emancipation Proclamation or the Declaration of Independence), but theirRead MoreApush Dbqs Essay2248 Words   |  9 Pages2011 DBQ: (Form A) 1. Analyze the international and domestic challenges the United States faced between 1968 and 1974, and evaluate how President Richard Nixon’s administration responded to them. (Form B) 1. Explain the ways that participation in political campaigns and elections in the United States changed between 1815 and 1840, and analyze forces and events that led to these changes. 2010 DBQ: (Form A) 1. In what ways did ideas and values held by Puritans influence the politicalRead MoreDBQ Questions781 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿DBQ QUESTIONS Writing the DBQ Civil War Assess the following quote: â€Å"Ultimately, the Civil War reduced sectional antagonism and made the United States truly ‘one nation.’† ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Constitution Using information from the evidence below as well as your knowledge of the period, discuss the development of the United States Constitution as a

My Best Friend Susie Free Essays

My best friend’s name is Susan, however, she prefers to be called Susie. Susie is a petite girl. She has sleek light brown hair that flows across her back, but she usually wears a braid. We will write a custom essay sample on My Best Friend Susie or any similar topic only for you Order Now Her complexion is a fair cream color, with a pair of amber eyes. Susie also has very light brown freckles scattered across her small oval face. She wears a cheerful smile. Susie also has a nice soft, warm voice. Susie can act somewhat shy around people with whom she is not well acquainted with. As a result, her shyness may be mistaken for rudeness, but once you get to know her you will notice that she is a very caring and intelligent person. She is also exceedingly good at sports. She plays basketball, soccer, tennis, does a little bit of golf, but her favorite sport is volleyball. When I first met Susie, I was very surprised too see that she was great at playing so many sports, especially volleyball. When it comes to Susie’s dress style, she likes to wear brilliant colors to express her cheerfulness, particularly colors like light pink, lime green, violet, or teal. On casual days she wears a t-shirt with a pair of light blue denim jeans, and sport shoes. Occasionally she likes to wear long skirts or dresses accompanied with a pair of boots. She also likes to wear a very nice apple scented perfume. Susie is a very talented and intelligent person. Aside from playing sports, Susie has a variety of hobbies. She likes to read, play the flute, practice art, and she also likes to write music and poetry. Susie is really passionate about art and sports. In fact, she always talks to me about how she wants to pursue a career as an artist and a volleyball player when she is older. Some of Susie’s favorite art pieces are the â€Å"Mona Lisa† by Leonardo da Vinci, and â€Å"Sunflowers† by Vincent Van Gogh. Susie’s personality can be described as a mixture of fun, caring, sporty, shy, artistic, and intelligent. My favorite trait about Susie is that she is very caring. She is always willing to stop what she is doing to help others. In conclusion, Susie is my best friend in the whole world, and I’m really happy to have her as a friend. How to cite My Best Friend Susie, Papers

Prior Knowledge and Its Role in Opportunity Evaluation

Question: Describe about the prior knowledge and its role in opportunity evaluation. Answer: Ideas for a business venture that are viable commercially are very rare. The interested person or party needs to have a complete understanding of the sector that is chosen for the venture and for this prior knowledge is crucial. Cashing in on an idea for a business venture could go wrong in many ways and cause immense losses to the investors (Foss, Lyngsie Zahra, 2013). Some of those are lack of insight of the investors in the selected business sector, poor objective evaluation, insufficient financial understanding, and poor management of human resources, incomplete understanding and upgradation of the technical requirements. These problems are, however, scaled down to a form which can be dealt with, should the problem arise, by having prior knowledge while evaluating business opportunities. Having first-hand knowledge and work experience in the chosen field makes the people who are starting a business aware of the uniqueness of the chosen venture, the target markets where their product would best thrive, the expected growth rate and profitability, the regulatory and legal issues associated with the business, the cash flow and resource management (Gupta, Turban Pareek, 2013). The most crucial step in a business start-up is opportunity evaluation and a person with prior knowledge can best do so by identifying the opportunity and analysing it by employing the lateral and vertical thinking techniques, chalking out a business plan, arranging sufficient capital, having a clear organizational structure with proper definition of roles and responsibilities among the employees and managers and an attempt to meet the break-even point without failure (Wang Bansal, 2012). Legal Structures for New Ventures New ventures often get got up in regulatory and legal issues. This problem arises not only because the firms are often unaware of such issues but also when the firms focus so eagerly on amassing profits that they indulge in unethical acts. These ethical dilemmas that the entrepreneurs face often makes them act either for the firm by indulging in cases like bribery, manipulating suppliers and price-fixing (Park Steensma, 2012). In other cases, they act against the firm through cases of embezzlement, false appraisals and import of sub-standard products. The Australian Institute of Criminology in the year 1992 defined such a situation as Punishable acts that are committed by an individual in controlling positions which benefit the entrepreneur personally. The Global Corruption Report ranks countries worldwide on a scale of 0-10 where zero is indicative of a highly corrupt nation and ten is clean. Entrepreneurs need to be well aware of the impact that cases of corruption have on the brand image and consequently on company growth. They affect transaction costs which causes damage on the suppliers end and also diminishes the trust of the customers. Corruption in a new venture usually is a by-product of the political instability in the region. Steps to prevent this include prevention of counterfeiting, IP theft and piracy (Wang Bansal, 2012). Patents, be it commercial, scientific or internet-related, should be in place. Trade secrets should not be exchanged openly and only trusted employees should have access to these. Copyright protection must be presented in a written and recorded form. References Foss, N. J., Lyngsie, J., Zahra, S. A. (2013). The role of external knowledge sources and organizational design in the process of opportunity exploitation.Strategic Management Journal,34(12), 1453-1471. Gupta, V. K., Turban, D. B., Pareek, A. (2013). Differences between men and women in opportunity evaluation as a function of gender stereotypes and stereotype activation.Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,37(4), 771-788. Park, H. D., Steensma, H. K. (2012). When does corporate venture capital add value for new ventures?.Strategic Management Journal,33(1), 1-22. Wang, T., Bansal, P. (2012). Social responsibility in new ventures: profiting from a long term orientation.Strategic Management Journal,33(10), 1135-1153.

Being Filipino Essay Example

Being Filipino Essay I guess most Filipino have a lot of pride. They are the ones that have screen names like pinoy this or pinay that. Let me explain what a pinoy is, it is a Filipino boy and a pinay is a Filipino girl. Filipinos be representing especially with the little flags in their car window like me. The type of cars that you would usually see those flags are in those little rice rockets called Hondas. Most of the younger generation that show the most pride dont really know their own culture. The younger generations of Filipinos seem to have all this pride in being Filipino which you should be proud to be but lose there culture. Most young Filipinos dont even know how to speak the language or cant even understand the language. If you ask me to talk in Filipino I wouldnt be able too. I bet if you ask a majority of Filipino teenager if they could speak Filipino they wouldnt be able to. The reason I believe why Filipino teenagers cant speak is because English and Tagalog (Filipino dialect) are the tw o main languages in the Philippines and when they immigrate here the main language is English so most parents would just speak to there children in English. So I guess partly that it isnt our fault being emersed in American culture and not knowing how to speak contribute to the loss of our culture. A lot of Filipinos now know that they are losing their culture and are doing something about it.Most colleges and university have a Filipino clubs, which set up performance, and talent show showing traditional folk dance and music.This is great for many youth to learn about Philippines culture.Every year the Filipino youth association holds a festival showing dance and different types of the Filipino culture to the younger generation.These things do attract the teenage audience and allows them to learn and have fun while there doing it. Filipinos came from the Philippines and came here to

The Old Guitarist essays

The Old Guitarist essays To most people, a piece of artwork is just paint, colors, lines, and pictures that fill a blank canvas. Sometimes the whole story of the painting is evident, easily understandable through the dramatic poses of its subjects or the flamboyant backgrounds. But some paintings are not as loud as other paintings. It doesnt scream out and grabs peoples attention. The painting The Old Guitarist by Pablo Picasso is an example of a silent painting with a theme that can be interpreted into different ways, depending on the views of the person. When you first see the painting of The Old Guitarist, the dramatic blues will overcome your senses with a feeling of despair. People mostly associate blue with sadness, hence the phrase Why you feel so blue? The elongated fingers and the pitiful expression on the mans face will spark a sense of sadness. He plucks the strings of his guitars, as if playing a last song of hope. You immediately think of him as a poor beggar, with the tattered clothes on his back. Picasso extends our sympathy for this guy by not putting shoes on his feet. We wonder if hes cold in the streets. Then he is slouched down, as if he is tired from a hard day of looking for food or work. But he still has his guitar, the only thing not painted in a shade of blue. It stands out as if it is a symbol of who he is. If a person saw this painting, he can associate that the guitarist is just another starving performer, looking to make ends meet by playing in the streets. Havent we all seen street performers play for money? The guitarist in this picture could be playing an entertaining song for some people passing by. He may have lowered his head to entice the audience to give him more money, a trick of the trade by appealing to their emotions. But why does he seem tired? Im sure if he were a street performer, hed love what he was doing. But there can be a ...

Stakeholders Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Stakeholders - Essay Example Goodjik (2003) point out to the fact that management needs to build relationships with different stakeholders including shareholders, employees, customers, and society at large. This is only possible with increased transparency and accountability in practices on the part of the organizations and increased involvement or participation of the stakeholders in management decisions. The need to mobilize a sense of responsibility among stakeholders could help create an organizational context for participation and involvement and stakeholder arguments and opinions could be used to shift the balance of decisions in the interest of stakeholders. Active stakeholder participation is thus useful for any management perspective as considering stakeholder opinions and arguments could help create and strengthen partnerships between stakeholders and management at the corporate level. The stakeholder model assumes constructive partnership and dialogue between the management and the stakeholders includ ing the employees and is thus useful for promoting a beneficial relationship at the corporate level. This discussion focuses on the contributions of the stakeholders in business success and business performance of companies and emphasizes on the beneficial relationship between stakeholders ... The Role of Stakeholders: Stakeholders play an important role in an organization and affect corporate social performance and financial performance and Neville et al (2005) point out that a company's reputation could determine the corporate social performance and financial performance or CSP-FP relationships. Corporate social performance is related the stakeholders' resource allocation to an organization and how much stakeholders are ready to invest in or trust a company would in turn determine the performance and success of a company. In this context the stakeholder would trust or invest in a company based on the existing reputation of a company thus company reputation would determine stakeholder assessments and would also be relative to stakeholder expectations. Neville (2005) thus suggests that reputation of a company plays a key role in determining the CSP-FP relationship. Strategic management principles and competitiveness also change the CSP-FP relationship. Considering that corporate branding and reputa tion are important in achieving stakeholder trust, the role of marketing could be important for strategic advantages of any company as it helps build brand reputation. Maintaining stakeholder interests and stakeholder benefits is the major concern of companies and forms a major part of corporate social responsibility or CSR. Whitehouse (2006) used qualitative data from semi-structured interviews with representatives of 16 UK companies from different sectors and traced CSR policy development from identifying the meaning attributed to CSR to factors that help to implement CSR agenda. CSR objectives and policies are

The film Circus as directed by Grigori Aleksandrov Essay

The film Circus as directed by Grigori Aleksandrov - Essay Example The jealous master eavesdrops in the conversation through a window and the acrobat goes to find out, only for them to stares at each other in utter disdain before the window is covered in snow. First, the camera illuminates the fast movement then the beating, and suddenly the shift to the ground as the woman falls. The angle at which the camera is held clearly brings out the movements at the stage and with absolute clarity. An aerial view in this scene was picked to show the woman on the ground and a direct view was also presented to highlight the actors. Tilting the camera from sideways has also been achieved well. The initial impact of the scene is to portray the social treatment of women in the Soviet Union. It brings out the disdain to the certain classes of people by their superior counterparts. The scene brings out social classification in the Soviet and how different races were regarded with contempt in that era. The scene is an integral part to the film as a whole and clearly elucidates the shift from social discrimination to integration. It is important to the plot and characterization of the film both as a comedy and as harsh and cool characters are both outlined clearly to the theme. The shots are clears and the mono lighting is well contracted such that actors are brought out. The sound is not too loud and the pitch is well modulated such that the singers use a crescendo when necessary. The wailing of the child and the singing are well to create a proper scene.

Customer behaviour in charity retailing in UK Dissertation

Customer behaviour in charity retailing in UK - Dissertation Example Shopping in charity stores has seen a revived popularity with the emergence of the recession and the popularity of conservation style living. The reasons and drives that consumers feel to enter into thrift stores are varied and interesting as they reflect psychologies about the past as much as modern aesthetics. The emergence of the charity thrift store can be traced to the Salvation Army in London where the store was created in order to give some of those who were unemployed a job, the sale of the items supporting the wages for those collecting the goods. The desire for vintage style and the added bonus of conservation through repurposing has placed the charity store back into the lists of retail outlets being used by modern consumers. 1.2 Background With the emergence of the recession and the consequential focus on conservative spending, charity retailing has become a more significant resource from which to replenish needs and wants. Through items that have been donated by others for sales to benefit charities, revitalization can be found through new owners who can repurpose the items for their own uses. Changes in the retail environment are being reflected through the concept of repurposing. Green technologies and products that are designed for natural, organic, or socially responsible consumerism can be seen as examples of the type of retailing that is designed to provide a sustainable responsibility in consumer behaviour. ... The emergence of the charity thrift store can be traced to the Salvation Army in London where the store was created in order to give some of those who were unemployed a job, the sale of the items supporting the wages for those collecting the goods. The desire for vintage style and the added bonus of conservation through repurposing has placed the charity store back into the lists of retail outlets being used by modern consumers. 1.2 Background With the emergence of the recession and the consequential focus on conservative spending, charity retailing has become a more significant resource from which to replenish needs and wants. Through items that have been donated by others for sales to benefit charities, revitalization can be found through new owners who can repurpose the items for their own uses. Changes in the retail environment are being reflected through the concept of repurposing. Green technologies and products that are designed for natural, organic, or socially responsible co nsumerism can be seen as examples of the type of retailing that is designed to provide a sustainable responsibility in consumer behaviour (Krafft and Mantrala 2010). Consumer behaviours have changed in the last five years as the economy has dived into a recessive cycle. How money is spent is much more closely guarded, thus creating a more conscientious consumer. Items that can be repurposed and given a new function within the hands of a new consumer provides a sense of fulfilment as consumers find themselves trying to find ways to make ends meet. In addition, the charitable concept of buying in a store that is designed to benefit those in need is appealing to the consumer as the trends have been seen to support the evolution of more responsible living. The history of charity

Antidepressant Drugs: Types, Effects and Developments

Antidepressant Drugs: Types, Effects and Developments Introduction: Depression is one of the parts of mental disorder which is affecting millions of people worldwide. [6] The logical analytical approach used in clinical and forensic toxicology for the identification of one or more Antidepressant Drugs as a cause of intoxication is largely based on both simple and fast screening methods which cover their extraction and identification including detection of their possible metabolites is been tried to reviewed. Antidepressant: Types Functions Antidepressant drugs cover many varieties of drugs having different modes of actions like [16] etc. Adverse effects Antidepressants are supposed to increase the risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children accompanying other disorders like depressive and psychiatric disorders. [17] [18] [19] The European Medicines Agency showed warning on the use of Antidepressants which might be increased the risk of suicidal behavior in children and adolescents. [31] TCAs and MAOIs can produce similar kind of side effects like Tachycardia, blurred vision, urinary retention, cardiovascular effects , hypotension, respiratory depression, coma etc. [4] Thus, these drugs may be responsible for the fatality and intoxication and can produce severe effects. Also their growing rate all over the world may show threatening effects which is the matter of global concern. Thus, its increasing prescription rate and adverse effects resulting in a growing interest for determination methods in the Clinical and Forensic field. Biological Samples use for the Screening of Antidepressant Drugs Biological samples are the basic requirement of Forensic and Clinical Toxicology as it solve several related questions which make basis of judgement, consultation and expertise for the above two fields. The matrices generally encountered for analysis are urine [34], hair, nails, vitrous humour etc. The most important biosample used for analytical purposes is Blood. It is a liquid connective tissue of the body composed of different kinds of blood cells suspended in a fluid called plasma. Blood (plasma, serum) is one of the best choices for quantitative and qualitative measurements of drugs of interest because pharmacological or toxicological effects correlate more effectively with their concentrations in blood. [42] Another important biological sample is Urine which is a widely used specimen employed for screening, identification and testing of unknown drugs, forms in high amount, readily available, easy to collect and contains much useful information about the major metabolic functions of the body. [43] Taking Forensic concept in postmortem cases if the positive finding of drug occurs in urine shows that the detected substance or its parent compound might be present in the body some time before death [48] A next alternative to the blood and urine specimen found is Oral fluid for their applications in therapeutic and toxicological drug monitoring [54] When analytical studies get concern with long duration of exposure to the detection window Hair could be as a best biological matrix for the identification and analysis of drugs. It is supposed that drugs or chemicals enter in to hair by passive diffusion from blood capillaries into growing cells and the mechanisms of substance incorporation, analytical methods, result interpretation and practical applications of hair analysis has been well reviewed showing practical utility of hair analysis. [62] Except from all the above given matrices one very precise and rarely encountered biological sample is Vitreous Humor. Its a fluid found between the lens and retina of the eye proved to be the best choice for analytical examinations as it is relatively well isolated and protected from putrefaction. Two different fatality cases were reported where the extraction of drugs is done from Vitreous humor. One case has been reported of citalopram fatality where the extraction of drug is done from Vitreous humor yeilding concentration of citalopram (SSRI) less than 0.04mg/L and in second case venlafaxine fatality is reported where postmortem analysis revealed the concentrations of Fluoxetine (SSRI) and its metabolite Norfluoxetine as 5.2 mg/l and 2.2mg/l respectively. [64] Other than these specimens, body tissues like liver [71], cerebrospinal fluid etc. canalso encounter for toxic and therapeutic drug monitoring biological matrices. Techniques for Sample Preparation Several methods have been published for the determination of one or more antidepressants in biological fluids for therapeutic monitoring or for toxicological purposes. For making biological samples suitable for analytical purposes some treatments should be given to overcome the matrix effects such that the other materials should not interfere with the analytical separation that is the extractability of the analytes in the sample inturn the results of the analysis. [96] These kinds of techniques are rapidly gaining acceptance in bioanalytical applications to reduce both time and labor required to produce bioanalytical results. Thus we can say that these methods give a high selectivity and sensitivity over a wide dynamic range and contribute in formulating very fine detection techniques. Some Commonly Prescribed New Generation Antidepressant Drugs and their Metabolites Several new antidepressants that inhibit the Serotonin (SERT) and Norepinephrine transporters (NET) have been consistently use for therapeutic purposes. [108] are showing below. Sertraline is an effective and highly utilized SSRIs group of drug and â€Å"its principle metabolite is desmethylsertraline.† [41] Another SSRIs group of Antidepressant drug, Fluoxetine has been used worldwide in the therapy of major depression. (3) â€Å"It is primarily metabolized via N-demethylation by the [117] Citalopram is a selective and potent serotonin reuptake inhibitor. [78] Another very important group of Antidepressant drug is SNRIs which includes drugs like Venlafaxine which inhibits serotonin, noradrenaline, and to a lesser extent dopamine reuptake. [39] In the majority of published analytical methods for determination of Antidepressant drugs, gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography, in combination to different kinds of colums operating under different separation conditions, mobile phases and detectors has been used. These were tried to review in the table given below. With high-performance liquid chromatography the analysis is done by using different kinds of detectors like Fluorescence detector, UV detector, Mass detectors etc. For ex. a high-performance liquid chromatographic method is described for the determination of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) in human plasma where Fluorescence detector was used. [140] A survey of most recent multiresidue analytical methods developed for the determination of different kinds of Antidepressant drugs in different types of biological test matrices with their specific cleanup procedures including the choice of mobile phase, stationary phase, detector system and validation data is summarized in the tabular form below. TABLE Abbreviations:APCI atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation, ESI eletrospray ionisation, LLE liquid-liquid extraction, LOD limitation of detection, LOQ limit of quantification, SIM single ion monitoring, SPE solid-phase extraction, SRM selected reaction monitoring , ESI electron spray ionization, UV ultraviolet, FD fluorescence detector, LC_TMS liquid chromatography tandom mass spectrometry, LC_MS, GC_MS gas chromatography mass spectrometry, RP-HPLC reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. Thus, this table is framed for the comparative study of the major analytical approaches used in the detection and identification of Antidepressant Drugs and their metabolites in different biological matrices in order to develop the new methods with the aim to increase the sample throughput and to improve the quality of analytical methods. Thus, analytical methods for the detection of ADs and their metabolites in biological matrices are of interest in the field of forensic toxicology which involves the analysis of drugs and poisons in biological specimens and interpretation of the results to be applied in a court of law. Several analytical methods have been developed for analysis of these antidepressants in biological matrices. These methods provide a good precision and accuracy over the entire analytical range and allowing the development of very rapid and efficient analytical methods by using newer kind of analytical techniques. Conclusion: As the subject of Antidepressants toxicity is evolving, newer methods for their analysis are also evolving. However, some classes of Antidepressants drugs are less toxic and well tolerated but can lead to Toxic or Fatal Drug interaction. The research in this field is very active and results in a large number of papers published every year. Therefore they may be encountered in many Clinical and Forensic cases. Therefore, this review is mainly aimed to target latest analytical and instrumental methods used for detection and characterization of Antidepressant drugs and their metabolites in biological test matrices in turn focus on their toxic as well as therapeutic aspects which would be definitely prove to be helpful in future research and still there is lots of work required in this area as its prescription rate and toxicity is evolving day by day all over the world and by using non-destructive and sophisticated newer instrumental techniques we can also built a new strategy of examina tion and investigation for the drugs of interest. However, in this study, a decision about whether a studys findings are positive or negative cannot always be based strictly on the primary outcome measure. Future trials should also consider, using different kinds of detecting techniques and methods which would allow for easier comparison and interpretation of results across studies as the subject is of global concern and despite the success of such methods there is a continuing need for sustained innovations. Thus, future work in this area will definitely prove to be a promising from both clinical as well as from forensic prospect.

Impact of Absenteeism on Quality of Care in Private Care Home :: Private Care Learning Disabilities Health

1.0 INTRODUCTION This paper first discusses the issue of Absenteeism in a Private Care Home which cares for five people with Learning Disabilities. Secondly, it looks at SSM, Cognitive Mapping and SODA I as appropriate methodologies for analysing the problem of Absenteeism why SODA I using Cognitive Mapping is best recommended. Thirdly, a Model is built using Individual Cognitive maps which are then merged to form a strategic map which is action oriented. Fourthly, limitations of the Model are discussed. Lastly, a Monitoring system is suggested which helps to monitor absenteeism trends and how it impacts on the Quality of Care Provided. Finally is the conclusion based on the findings. 2.0 ABSENTEEISM AT WORK Employees can be absent from work either due to Long-term sickness, short-term certified or uncertified sickness or unauthorised absence and lateness. Absenteeism will not include annual leave , maternity, compassionate or absence due to training or attending union meetings but where a worker fails to turn up at work as scheduled resulting in disruption of work schedule, added work load, increased payroll costs and poor quality service an d poor staff morale. High levels of absence are costly both to individual organisations and the economy as a whole. †¢ Company Background The home has 9 full-time Support Workers ( the manager, 4 seniors and 4 support workers) contracted 35hrs a week and 7 part-timers contracted 20 hrs per week who are mostly student giving a total of 455 hours whereas the expected care hours are (72hrs *7days) 504 hrs. The company has a pool of relief staff who can work in any home. Two seniors are on long term sickness due to injury at work hence a shortage of 70hrs a week. Until recently the home was allowed to use agency up to a maximum of 50 hrs per week and this has been scrapped from Dec 04 (kite Update 2004) and staff are encouraged to do overtime as the clients need regular staff that understand them and know their routines. More work loads leads to stressed staff whose morale will be affected and this in turn affects their performance and absenteeism will increase leading to inefficient Quality of Care provided. Every shift needs at least a staff who can give medication, a driver and both male and female staff due to cross –gender policy (Care Practice Manual 2004).When a key staff phones sick without notice this will disrupt activities of the day .

Pop Music

The themes of pop music also help to characterize this genre of USIA. Typically, pop music centers on themes such as love and relationships. For example, â€Å"Am I Wrong† by â€Å"Nice & Vine† is a pop song that explains a longing for a relationship he thought was more than it was. This theme is so popular because everyone can relate to it. At a point in every persons life, they will experience love; those who have not experienced it, long for it, and thus relate to the theme of love as well. 3. What is disco? What are the characteristics of this music? I.Developed in 1 970, disco began outside of mainstream America, but t ended up crossing over into mainstream pop music. Mixing â€Å"soaring† vocals with a beat that encouraged dancing, disco became the dance music of the decade. The music often had 100 to 130 beats per minute (a relatively fast tempo) and the pulse of the rhythm was often emphasized. 4. What was the British Invasion? Which famous group was a pa rt of this movement? What impact did the group have on pop music? In the 1 9605, some of these British groups became influential in North America as well.The biggest group of the British Invasion was, of course, the Beetles. While the Beetles sometimes sang about social issues, they also had songs with catchy lyrics and melodies. This would be the centerpiece of pop music through the next several decades. 5. What is a boy band? What are some characteristics off boy band? I. Boy bands, such as New Kids on the Block, Boozy II Men, Backstreet Boys, and ‘N Sync, featured between three and six young adult males who typically sang, but did not play instruments. Critical Thinking Questions 1 .Some of the music in the 1 sass was used to protest social and political issues. Is music still used as a form of protest? Why or why not? I. Music is used, and will always be used, as a form of speech. It gets ideas and concepts out to the public in an appealing, and passionate way. However, it is less politically influenced nowadays. I believe this is because the public shows much more interest in love songs rather than politics; therefore, music composers aim to please the public. 2. One of the changes in the music industry during the twentieth century was the increasing centralization of music.Has music become too commercial? Why or why not? Do you think that artists are creating music for money or for other reasons today? I. Although big stars make a significant amount of money, all pantomimic artists are financially struggling. It is such a rough patch to make it to fame that if that artist is in it for the money, they will never make it in order to endure the hard times, they must really love what they do. Music has become highly commercialese, but will continue to evolve just like everything else. 3. How has technology impacted pop music?Describe at least three genealogical changes that impacted and shaped pop music today or in the past. I. The Beat Machine elimina tes the need for a real drummer. The internet allows for promotion and exposure that was not possible before. Finally, music videos are now a â€Å"must† when it comes to pop music. It increases the need for â€Å"the look† of the artist. 4. Pop music has often been seen as youth music. Why do you think pop music appeals to younger individuals? How has the industry promoted this idea? I. Pop music appeals to you anger generations because it is upbeat and easy to dance to. Pop Music ? The Center for Popular Music For information on specific research collections: Sheet music and Broadsides Rare books Sound recordings Periodicals Reading room collection Archives Music Trade Catalogs Posters Playbills and Programs Photographs Background: The Center's collection documents the diversity of American music. We take as our starting point the European and African origins of American culture, selecting items which document the music of our national vernacular culture. From the 18th to early 20th century music was disseminated largely in printed form: sheet music, songsters, broadsides, instrumental instruction books and song anthologies. After 1920 recorded sound gained dominance. The Center's collection reflects this change in the commodification of music. The Center recognizes the interplay between musical styles in American culture by providing study-level collections in all genres. Rather than duplicating the collection depth in specialized archives, the Center strives to support local research needs in all genres while providing research-level collections in specific areas: rock & roll and its roots, the various forms of vernacular religious music, and music of Tennessee and the Southeast. The key element supporting the study of rock is a sound recordings collection strong in blues, rhythm and blues, early rock, mainstream rock from the 1960s to the present, and alternative rock. The Center also has extensive holdings of rock periodicals as well as biographical, historical and critical books. Research in vernacular religious music is supported through a collection of approximately 2600 scores, including southern gospel songbooks, 19th century oblong songbooks, New England hymnody, shape note music, Sunday school songs, Negro spirituals, African-American gospel and denominational hymnals. Our collection of southern gospel songbooks is thought to be the largest institutional collection held by a non-religious repository. The Center's sound recording collections is also deep in various African-American traditions, contemporary Christian music and southern gospel. In addition to commercial issues, the Center has approximately 100 hours of original field recordings of African-American religious music. The Center's collection of Tennessee and southeastern materials recognizes that Tennessee provides a marvelous laboratory in which to study popular music. Ragtime, jazz, blues, Anglo- and African-American folk music, country, gospel and rock have all flourished within Tennessee. The music business of Tennessee has long been an important segment of Tennessee's economy. In addition to Nashville, the cities of Memphis, Knoxville, Bristol, Chattanooga, Cleveland and Lawrenceburg have played significant roles in music publishing, broadcasting and recording. The Center's collection documents these business activities as well as musical ones.

Reasonable Problem Solution Essay Steps

Reasonable Problem Solution Essay Steps Problem solution essay When you are assigned to write an original problem solution essay, it means that you need to identify a problem and offer its effective solutions. This paper may be written by high school and university students. Note that it is necessary to research the issue thoroughly to produce a work of top quality. You should provide sound arguments to explain why a particular solution to the faced problem is appropriate. You may also state compelling reasons for solving the problem urgently. Short Guide on Problem Solution Essay Writing Problem Solution Essay Structure You should start writing your paper with presenting the problem. For this reason, you should consider various problem solution essay topics and choose the most suitable ones. Then, you need to define the subtopics and write down the points that may be covered. Note that you should pick an impressive subject. In this case, it will be interesting to examine it. However, you should not select a broad topic as it may be hard to arrive at a good solution to the identified problem. Introduction to Problem and Solution Essay The introductory paragraph of your problem and solution essay should introduce the problem to readers. In addition, this section should provide users with general information about the issue. It is of fundamental importance to discover the causes of the problem. Moreover, you should emphasize that the discussed problem needs to be solved as the consequences may be rather negative. If any terms are going to be used in problem solution essays, they should be explained in the introduction as well. Problem Solution Essay Thesis The focus of the thesis of a problem solution essay depends on the posed problem. Thus, it may state that there is the only way out of the difficult situation. However, it may also insist on solving the problem quickly until it has led to the damaging consequences. Note that a thesis is usually written in one sentence. It should clearly present the central idea of the work. A thesis may be found in the introduction as well as in another part of the paper. What is a Problem Solution Essay Without a Properly Constructed Body? You need to organize the body of your work in appropriate way. It should propose effective solutions to the problem and provide their detailed description. In order to produce an explicit paper, you need to present the pros and cons of the offered solution. Are you going to state that there is only one feasible solution to the analyzed problem? Therefore, the body of the essay should provide relevant material about it and lead to a reasonable conclusion. Remember that your task is not only to arrive at a particular solution, but also show how it should be applied. At this stage, you may use a good paper example that will help you move on with your piece of writing. Concluding Paragraph toProblem Solution Essay When concluding your problem solution essay, you should appeal to readers to take part in the discussion. Thus, you should make readers help implement the proposed solution. You may also offer them to try to find the way out of the situation on their own. In order to make the conclusion more effective, you should describe the consequences the considered problem may lead to. If you write a fascinating work, it will interest readers for sure. They will definitely want to help solve the debated problem. Problem-Solution Essay Format A problem-solution essay is a common assignment in many high schools and colleges that is assigned to students with the purpose of checking their analytical and critical thinking skills. Giving the student such an assignment, the professor wants him/her to analyze the problem from different perspectives, as well as suggest the effective instruments for its solving. As the name suggests, the problem-solution essay aims to identify a problem and find out the most appropriate solutions accordingly. However, unfortunately, many students experience some difficulties with the problem-solution essay format finding it quite difficult to organize the essay in a way that satisfies the professor. If you also want to know how such an assignment should look like, just keep reading the following article. We have gathered the most effective tips that should help you become a better writer. Writing a problem-solution essay always starts with a good introduction in which the author identifies the problem, as well as emphasizes on is relevance. This part should engage the reader with some hook. It can be an interesting fact or a thought-provoking question. If you want to make an incredible effect by your essay, do not hesitate to tell the readers how the discussed problem influences them directly. The following part of your essay, the body, implies the elaboration of the problem. In this part, you have to analyze the problem from different perspectives including many meaningful details. From the historical perspective, try to mention what has caused this problem and analyze the way of its development. If you claim something, it should always be supported by the textual evidence. Indeed, the careful work with sources will help you get a few additional points. Just keep in mind that all your sources should be relevant to your topic and credible. When working with sources, do not hesitate to cite them properly in accordance with the formatting style required. We assure you that the citation, which is not formatted properly is considered as plagiarism. Without any doubts, the professor will never assess the plagiarized paper with the highest grade. All in all, the good quotes will add the value to your essay as they will help you write your paper in the trustworthy tone. As for the part with solutions, make sure to include the ones that will bring the positive outcome. No doubt, presenting a concrete solution to the problem mentioned previously, you will receive positive feedback from your readers. Noteworthy, your solution should be feasible, logical, and substantiated by the clear evidence. Finally, a problem-solution essay, like any other essay, needs to have a good conclusion, in which the writer should summarize the findings and present the scope for future research. A conclusion is a culmination of your research so you have to make it clear and concise. Be sure to name the solution or solutions necessary for proper addressing the problem mentioned in the introduction once again. When it comes to the problem-solution essay format, you may choose one of two possible options: a chain structure or a block structure. Indeed, no matter what type of organization you choose, each of them is equally effective. Many students claim that the block structure is easier to use since it is simpler and clearer. However, the chain structure shows what solution should be applied to the specific problem. As such, it is up to you what problem-solution essay format to choose to write a brilliant essay. Importance of Using Transition Words When Writing a Problem-Solution Essay Writing such an essay, many students tend to jump from one idea to another forgetting that the writing should be smooth and clear. Remember that all your ideas should be developed in the logical flow and follow the outline. To move from one problem or solution to another, you need to use the transition words. Utilize in addition, therefore, furthermore, alternatively, thus, besides, and some other words to help your reader follow your arguments without extra efforts. In conclusion, we assure you that to write a good problem-solution essay, you need to possess enough information about the problem discussed. There are many effective problem-solution essay examples available on the web. Using them as the source of inspiration, you will be able to create a truly good paper. Beware of submitting these papers, or even parts of them, since these pieces were already submitted by other students. Only writing a unique and authentic paper totally from scratch, you will be able to get the desired grades!Read Our Problem Solution Essay for Free

Hans Bellmer Essays

Hans Bellmer Essays Hans Bellmer Essay Hans Bellmer Essay 1 The Message of Hans Bellmers Dolls The dolls that Hans Bellmer constructed and photographed during the 1930s remain disturbing and controversial to this day. Although his work is well known for its iconic and conceptual ideals connecting with surrealists and Dadaists at the time, his work deliver a strong relationship to the cruel social and political conditions that were occurring inside Nazi Germany. It was only fitting that the birth of Hans Bellmers girl- doll collection came about at the same time as the rise of Hitler and the Third Reich. These dolls were constructed in response to the rise if fascism in Germany. These images were an attack on the typical Nazi art and aimed to rebel against the ideal female body and gender construction. I believe that Bellmer wanted to redefine, expose and overturn how gender and sexuality was critiqued in Nazi Germany, while also expressing some internal anxieties on his own. In the year 1933, the Nazis came to power in Germany. It was at this time that Bellmer gave up all work that might contribute to the government. During this time is went he produced a body of work that would receive a critical response from its viewers. He constructed his series f doll in his response to his thought that if the origin if my work is scandalous, it is because for me, the world is a scandal. Although the society in which he lived in did play a large role in the constructions of these dolls, and scene of this father role and identity connecting to (his) a farther fgure did come about in some of his works. In the article by Taylor, he goes into detail about the meaning behind the work of Bellmers dolls. : He points out that much of where he starts from portrays an ideal that much of his works involving dolls, toys, and games derive from this childhood anxiety. Bellmer stated, mies, my dolls were the beginning. Obviously there was a convulsive flavor to them because they reflected my anxiety and unhappiness. He later on went to say that idea these dolls were representational to the thought of rejecting his adult life and the attempt to return to his childhood that became this erotic liberation for him. Bellmer constructed two series of dolls that imaged that of adolescent girls. These were modeled assuming various poses in different settings that were then photographed to create a complex narrative. These dolls are staged in unsettling scenes and alternate orderings of the female body. The contrast between the realistic body parts being organized in unnatural way, in everyday day environments is what made these so strange. These physical permutations, multiplications of limbs and fragmented parts, many be viewed as a complication of male anxiety, as well as male fantasies or erotic domination and control. In one of the paintings in Die Puppe (1934), Bellmer incorporates objects from a nursery or playroom such as the marble, puppet, and cigar box. The riveting of the marbles spiral intrigues him, almost as if they were, what he referred to as the frozen cstasy. In this piece Bellmer incorporates the marble in to the piece as a sign of tension that have these supernatural powers that are within this glass globe. This scene depicts a leg in a black boot, breasts misplaced, and head detached, as it 2warps its thigh around the oversized marble, creating the thought of intercourse or pleasure is taking place. On the reverse side of this painting, Die Glasmurmel foreground. This multicolored object is featured many of times in the Memories of the Doll Theme. It can be said that the connection between both of these paintings s the use of the marble, creating this thought of frozen ecstasy that can clearly be viewed in both. A certain theme of childhood and detachment has surrounded the though t behind most of the work that he had done. In another work that was published in Die Puppe (1934), Bellmer presents a dolls detached legs, with a white rose emerging from where the two legs meet. He then positions a womans high- heeled shoe; extending forward to almost look as if it is symbolizes female genitals. It is clear that this is not a accurate representation of a woman, about a woman, or femininity. It is about the underlining message of most of he work is about, this masculine anxieties that are inspired by the female sex. Frued goes on to explain Bellemers work and locates the anxiety that produces the conflict of the fetish. The fear comes from the thought the young child who feels detachment and densification towards his mother, because she no longer has her genitals. The anxiety that builds throughout these works is not fear of castration but fear but rather fear of separation. There is also a strong sense of insecurity and alienation Bellmers personal, financial, and political life that come forth. Much of Freuds insight allowed us to se Bellmers devotion to dolls in a different light. This was a lifelong profession of farther hatred and anxiety producing homosexual desires. These dolls were inspired by Bellmers attraction to his mothers sisters daughter, whom he viewed as an object. The dolls represent the chain of female relations that he has towards this attraction and then the possession that his farther has over all of it. This is why his feminine identification with dolls and the female body is so prominent throughout this career. Bellmers dolls also have a nightmare like quality to them. In one particular photograph of The Doll (1935), he shows a struggling, naked woman hanging from a tree and in the back ground what appears to be a shadow of a man. One can ask is this photo about rape or is this about something more complex. All of the dolls in which he constructed had this feeling of hurt and but their attacker is never revealed. This leads the viewed to think question where this person is that is causing these figures such harm and more importantly why they are in the positions that they are. In much of Bellemers later work Frued goes on to point out the onnection between his childhood and his detachment between his father and the society of the Nazi Germany world that surrounds them. Bellmers girl-doll collections were used to not only express the way in which he thought that the government was acting at the time, but also a way to express this internal fantasies. These images were an attack on the typical Nazi art and aimed to rebel against the ideal female body and gender construction. Hans Bellmer wanted to redefine, expose and overturn how gender and sexuality was critiqued in Nazi Germany, and while doing so he also expressed the internal anxieties on his own.

Supply chain management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 4

Supply chain management - Essay Example Experts defined SCM as a blend of a variety of procedures that begin from the preliminary stage of the product till the completed utilization of the same creation by the customer. It is a procedure which entail the development, execution, of these plans, and scheming of the product construct with the purpose of providing absolute fulfillment to the customer with regards to the quality of the product, (Wixon, Jim 2000). No innovation retains the fancy of the industry for long. SCM also, like many other new techniques before it, has gone out of fashion with many of the industries, (Davis,1993). This is evident from their inability to verify data pertaining to disruptions or irregularities in supply chains, Failure of Executives to pin point unfavorable actions and reasonably predict their consequences to the business push them into hasty decisions with undesirable consequences, (Gosling, 2003). Needless to say, such actions can be disastrous to the company operating in a competitive en vironment, (Lee, and Billington, 1992). Manufacturing and product delivery costs can mount, inventory may pile up, further adding to the cost, and actual delivery to the consumer get delayed, each of these individually and together can burden the company, (Christy, 1994). Non-availability of relevant SCM data may deny to the organization the ability to respond promptly and successfully to emerging opportunities. 2.0 SCOR – OVERVIEW AND UTILITY TO BUSINESS OPERATIONS Supply Chain Operations reference (SCOR) model has been evolved, tested and certified by the Supply Chain Council, a Non-Profit Organization. The industry has received it well and adopted extensively as a reliable tool for analyzing Supply Chain operations and managing them, (SCC, 1999). It enables its users to compare the various SCM activities and evaluate their performance and relevance to the management objectives. It is hierarchical and structural in nature. As end result it provides the optimal processes and solutions for the organization’s SCM requirements, (Brocke, 2007). SCOR analyses all the elements on the Product Development and Delivery network and keeping the focus on optimum satisfaction of the customer, identifies and brings to light complicated as well as simple supply chains which have specific impacts on the over all outcome of the operations, (Supply-Chain Council, 2005). This ease of analysis helps in interconnecting and showing as sequels the chain of events/operations that hinder production or delivery, and their over-all impact, (VRM 3.0, 2004). Thus it serves as a foundation on which Supply chains can be developed for simple local operations as much as it can serve to build large scale world-wide Projects, (Fox, Chionglo, and Barbuceanu, 1993). SCOR has become handy for enhancing the flexibility of interaction among trading partners and customers, which, in turn has radically impacted the operational economics of the entire Industry. The combination of the adv anced capabilities of I.T. with SCOR has produced very good results, (BEA,2003). Far from the mere connectivity of Supply Chain events, SCOR has now achieved a system of extracting real time data at various levels,

Examples of Sadhu and Sisyphus Stories in Business Essay

Examples of Sadhu and Sisyphus Stories in Business - Essay Example The one of the New Zealanders carried the man down until he met the narrators and his companion. The narrator determined that the Sadhu was suffering from Hypothermia. Stephen, the narrator’s companion, and the guides donated warm clothing to the man. Although it was evident that the man needed care, the narrator chose to continue his journey he was unwilling to let the predicament of the Sadhu serve as a barrier to his journey. Stephen made the efforts of helping the man, but only managed to get the guys carry him down and give him food and water (McCoy 54). The myth of Sisyphus is a story published in 1942 in which the author depicted the contrast of happiness and of the absurd. The title of the myth reflects the name, Sisyphus, who was a hero struggling with the fate of performing a similar task in his entire life in the underworld. He was compelled to push a stone up the mountain watch it rolls back, but he had to push it again. The myth describes the thought process of Sisyphus as he performed this task. A close analysis reveals that his fate was a hopeless torture because he was well aware that he was compelled to that task to time indefinite. Although he had a desire for the earth and the joys experienced on the earth, he had no hope that he would be able to experience that again. However, the reader is expected to imagine that Sisyphus would at some point be happy if his thought process allowed such happiness (Manning and Curtis 158). The story of the Sadhu highlights the ethical dilemmas faced by people when making decisions in corporate organizations. Each of the individual presented in the story was well aware that the Sadhu needed a level of care and attention. However, none of them was willing to exhibit the level of commitment needed to deliver such care to the man.  

Operational Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Operational Plan - Essay Example All these come under resource allocation and human resource management respectively. It is the requirement for an organization to have an accurate forecast of revenue that is supposed to be earned based on sales that is being achieved currently. The company has to implement appropriate strategies and plans in order to secure the fact that sales rate increases in the future. To be able to attain all these objectives, it is crucial for an organization to formulate an effective operational and strategic plan. Operational plans bear a significant relevance in almost every organization as those enable managers to have a broad perspective of present scenario of the company, in terms of operations (Navarro, 2005). Following that, the managers are able to formulate and implement effective strategies that are focused towards achieving operational growth and henceforth, success (Thome, et al., 2012). The route to success for a product based organization is paved by appropriately aligned strategic and operational plans and better equilibrium between supply and demand. In that way, the organization is able to gain competitive advantage in this intensely competitive business environment (Singh, 2010). This paper will cater to draft an operational plan for a product based organization (an automobile company), thereby seeking to explain various aspects of an operational plan and understand their importance towards achieving organization objective. Ergon Motors is passionate about crafting, building and delivering superior quality automobiles to its customers based all over the world. The company is mainly engaged in production and distribution of sedans, compacts, SUVs and coupes as well as their parts worldwide. The brand names under which the company markets its vehicles include Turbo, Desire, Blitz, Hammer, Manza, Thunder and Slick. Ergon mainly targets the middle income group of

Human hand catching an object Essay Example for Free

Human hand catching an object Essay ANALYSING From this experiment I have found out that there are different factors that affect the resistance of a wire. The factors that I have investigated are the length and thickness of a wire. In the experiment, as the wire got shorter, the resistance decreased, and if the wire were increased then the resistance would increase too. If the thickness of a wire were to be changed then the thicker the wire, the less resistance and the thinner the wire the more resistance it will have. I have also found out that the resistance is calculated by dividing the voltage by the current. This calculation was used in my experiment and showed that the resistance is roughly constant. If some odd results were obtained, it was because at a low voltage the power packs are inaccurate and at a high current, we might gain a heating effect. Ohms law can be proved by the graph due to the fact that the graph has a straight line; therefore it has a constant gradient, meaning a constant resistance whatever current is passing through it, providing the temperature is constant. If the graph were a curved, then that would mean that the resistance was changing. If that were the case the resistance could be found for any point by taking the pair of values (V, I) from the graph and sticking them in the formula R= V/I. (Information obtained from physics revision guide. ) That would be disobeying Ohms law. In my opinion, the resistance of the 32- copper wire seemed odd since the thinnest wire is supposed to have the highest resistance. However a good conductor, which is what copper is, will allow current to flow through it easily. Therefore thats why the ammeter reading for the copper wire, which measures the current, was very high, compared to the reading of the other types of wire. A nichrome wire would have more resistance than a copper wire of the same size, because less current flows through it, making it not such a good conductor. We can also conclude that the thickest wire, type 26, had the highest resistance because less current could flow through it. EVALUATING: This investigation was conducted following the method above. By following those steps, I managed to obtain more than enough readings to plot a graph with and I managed to obtain accurate results, until the wire reached 30cm (TABLE 1). However my previous readings were fairly accurate, which were more enough for me to plot a graph with. I had seven readings when only 6 are needed to plot a graph. The results of the first experiment my group conducted, (TABLE 2) were much more accurate than the second one (TABLE 1). The resistance was very constant, however we did not complete the experiment. We planned to carry it on the next lesson, but it would not have been a fair test because we used a different power pack and the voltage was not the same. We found out that we were getting odd results to our previous ones; therefore we had to start the whole thing again. We made sure we finished that experiment and even had time to conduct another: an investigation to find out whether the thickness of a wire would affect the resistance. Since I only had to investigate five different wires, obtaining five results, this investigation was easier to conduct because there were fewer to do and I knew exactly what I was doing. It took me less time to set up the circuit and it was definitely a fair test. However when it came to the 32-copper wire the resistance was very high. I expected it to be high because it was one of the thinnest wires, however not that high. I suspect I either recorded the wrong reading or because at low voltage the power pack was inaccurate and at high current there was a heating effect. However, as I mentioned in the analysing section, there was a simpler explanation. From previous work, I remembered copper is a very good conductor, therefore the high current reading. In future if I conduct another similar experiment to this one there are some improvements that could be made: I could compare my results with other people to see if they got the same or near enough results. That way I would know whether I was on the right tracks. If I am stuck on connecting the circuit, I could draw a diagram first and follow that. I should finish every experiment the same day; so that I get more accurate results and can compare the results to the results of another experiment, on the same subject and would not have waste time having to start the same experiment again. I could have done some further research and find out what and if there are any other factors that affect the resistance of a wire and then I could have conducted an experiment.

Back Pain Causes And Effects Health And Social Care Essay

Back Pain Causes And Effects Health And Social Care Essay Back pain is considered to be the most common reasons for physician visits; it is the largest cause of work-related absence. Back pain is known as Lumbago and can be defined as mild to severe pain or discomfort in the area of the lower back. The pain can be acute (sudden and severe) or chronic if it has lasted more than three months. Strains or sprains of the muscles and ligaments of the back are the most common cause of acute back pain. Injuries, degenerative diseases and Functional back pain due to imbalance are other reasons of back pain. First of all, according to (Chambers R., 2007, p.41) Most of the back strains and sprains occur after a sudden movement associated with bending or twisting, and lifting heavy objects. Therefore, jobs involving lifting, carrying ,pushing, pulling, lowering and holding moving objects have a high risk of getting back pain. For instance, children with their school books or postmen who carry weight on one side may develop great back pain. P.Fysh (1995), citied in his study Back Pain in School Children that in (1994) a Scandinavian study, by Trousler identified the prevalence of back pain in a group of 1,174 school children at 51 percent was due to backpacks. This study also found significance in the risk factors like age and genders those children. Furthermore, back pain that results from job nature is highly reported among workers who have to left a weighty objects. According to Kincla Davis (2009) Carpenters and other construction workers who install drywall have high rates of strains and sprains to the low back and shoulder(p.305). Moreover, muscle strain can occur in the back just like anywhere else in the body, and most likely to affect people in their forties, although it can happen at any age. Straining the back muscles is characterized by sever pain and inability to move. Since strain has several impacts on the body, it can cause the muscles to overstretch or move in such a way that they sustain terrible tears. Also it might lead the tendons and the ligaments that attached the muscles to loss its elasticity, by pulling too far on a muscle, and the area around it can become inflamed which leads to muscle pain. The second major cause of back pain is pregnancy. Usually back pain and pregnancy together. Unfortunately this type of back pain last for several weeks to few months with pregnant women. Its reasons can vary. It can be due to body changes for example, hormonal changes, or it might be due to extra weight the women may gain during the pregnancy period. The body hormones in the pregnant woman tend to relax the ligaments and the muscles that attached to pelvic, to allow fetus and uterus growing may cause many changes in the body and back pain can be a side-effect of these changes. Also A difference in hormone levels can cause muscles and ligaments to become more relaxed, especially during the last few months as the body is getting ready for labour from (Back Pain and Pregnancy, 1999., para, no). Additional to that , the effect of the extra weight and body posture adds extra strain on the pregnant women by pulling the muscles. This means if the pregnant women is holding twins it is definitely the attraction on muscles will be great. Silva A.(2004) loudly echoed that : The weight of the baby can result in a higher degree of curvature of the lower spine, meaning ligaments and muscles must adapt and sometimes can feel strained. The centre of gravity will be slowly changing also, keeping a firm base with feet shoulder width apart will help to counteract this ( p.34-5). and pregnancy period may develop what know as Pregnancy-Related low Back Pain (PLBP), this type of Back Pain often lead to other problems with Significant physical, psychological, and socioeconomic implications, according to Silva(2004, p.39). In addition to that the sleep habit disturbances often associate with such pain. Beside all these effects, fear of abortion always is a pregnant women concern; related to long courses pain killer medicine is used and prescribed or worries of havening child with congenital problems. However pregnancy back pain can be minimized and avoided, standing up straight and straight the muscle by exercise such as swimming are good example of minimizing the back pain. Although, the primary prevention is by not sitting in one position for long time, but massage therapy would be the best technique to use as it is emphasized by Silva Therapeutic massage for low back massage is thought to provide low back pain relief by improving blood flow, reducing muscle stiffness, increasing range of motion, and raising endorphin levels in the body (2004, p.51). The third major cause of back pain is related to the degenerative disk diseases in the back; as part of the natural process of growing older. In fact, it is not an actual disease thus it affect an elderly and retired people. It starts with the disk (shock absorber) that consists of the jelly and lays between the vertebras in the back bone. Over the time this disk slips out and leads the jelly inside the disk to leaks and loses its ability to absorb shocks. Pressing on the nerve and leading into sever pain that may radiate to hip and legs are the majors consequences of disk prolapsed. This problem is widely spread among young men who performer a heavy work, but it is still consider to be ageing process disease. R. Windsor (2008) stressed on this point when he stated in his article that Low Back Pain secondary to degenerative disk disease is a condition that affects young to middle-aged persons with peak incidence at approximately 40 years also he pointed that the prevalence of disk de generation increases with age. Moreover, depression, isolation and restriction in activities are effects of degenerative Disk disease. It is well documented that physical pain can lead to feelings of depression, but a new study from the University of Alberta shows the reverse can be true, as well. When Dr. Linda Carroll, a professor in a Department of Public Health Sciences, led the study that shows Depression is a risk factor for onset of severe neck and low back pain(2003, p.3). The study is published in the Journal Pain. Besides this, people who suffers from pack pain may tend to be isolated from others due to fear of further injury and frustration regarding their condition . This mental status can also indirectly damage the back. Mental stress, dissatisfaction at work, depression and distress can all play a role in back pain. These factors may re-enforce relatively minor pain signals resulting in a much more present pain sensation(Carroll L. 2003, p.5). So, there is a strong connection between stress and back pain, when the tension created by emotional stress can give you a back pain. Also Stress causes the muscles to tighten up. The muscles may tense up so much and they go into painful spasms. Then it followed by reduce blood flow to the tissues and finally the back is less capable of tolerating even mild workload. However, this type of back pain can be also avoided by controlling and reducing the amount of exposure to tensions and stressful life situations. Yoga is a very popular form of relaxation therapy that increases muscle strength as it calms and works out stress. In addition to that exercise is important to reducing stress, by doing early morning walk and implemented as a weekly routine in the person life. Lastly, there are almost as many ways to prevent back pain as there are bad behaviors that cause it. Socioeconomic is another side effect of degenerative or disk diseases. People who suffers back pain have to pay a lot of medical expanses that includes physician fees which is typically high, medication cost and physiotherapy. Eventually this treatment costs are often difficult to be afforded by them. Additional to this, back pain lead to work absenteeism, statistic shown by (Parthan A. 2005, p.14) estimated the annual loss in productivity due to back pain in the United States to be approximately $28 billion. The loss in productivity is primarily due to absenteeism from work. Despite previously discussed causes of back pain, there are still many reasons need to be reviewed like, injury where all the types injures results several back problems, started with strains and end with back bone fracture and never damages. ( Windsor, 2008) has written It is commonly acknowledged that back injury is the most serious health problem experienced by most of the worlds workforce. However, Injury results from fall, road traffic accidents, and sports injury. or even arise from direct blunt impact Objects. Any injury to the back can cause damages to surrounded soft tissue of the spine, bruised and inflamed. And also, some time damages exceed the tissue to reach the bony and nerve structure. Later on the spine becomes stiffer. These injuries may varies can be range from mild, moderate to sever. A good example of midland moderate back pain injury is strain, very treatable in its tow forms. But sever injury may lead to paralyses or even death at the injury onset. To sum up, aside from the usual side effects of back pain, like the disturbance of your sleeping habits and the difficulty in sitting still during extended periods of time, the real concern should be addressed to the causes for back pain. Unfortunately since back muscles are the hardest working muscle group in the body, back pains are a frequent occurrence which indirectly effects it being the hardest to identify condition. It is a good investment to learn all about back pain, the causes and the side effects of back pain, and how it is prevented or if the condition is occurring, how best to relieve the effect.

Liberals and Conservatives in Post Revolutionary Latin America Essay

Liberals and Conservatives in Post Revolutionary Latin America Models for post-revolutionary Latin American government are born of the complex economic and social realities of 17th and 18th century Europe. From the momentum of the Enlightenment came major political rebellions of the elite class against entrenched national monarchies and systems of power. Within this time period of elitist revolt and intensive political restructuring, the fundamental basis for both liberal and conservative ideology was driven deep into Latin American soil. However, as neither ideology sought to fulfill or even recognize the needs or rights of mestizo people under government rule, the initial liberal doctrine pervading Latin American nations perpetuated racism and economic exploitation, and paved the way for all-consuming, cultural wars in the centuries to come. Throughout the Iberian Peninsula and Colonial Europe, the sweeping philosophical shift from religious and spiritual pursuits to a greater emphasis on logic and reason foreshadowed remarkable social reformation. In Latin America, the Ibero...

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Shaina Fober Although political divisions first emerged over domestic issues, they deepened during a series of crises over foreign policy that reopened the troublesome issue of America’s relationship with Great Britain. Domestic and foreign policy were, however, never entirely separate, since decisions in one area frequently carried implications for the other. Foreign and domestic policy (1789-1803) spans from the foreign affairs of Washington, to Jefferson’s Louisiana Purchase. Between these times is the Election of 1796, Adams’s administration, concerning a variety of perspectives of historical figures n financial policies and foreign countries, such as the Alien Act and Louisiana Purchase Treaty, were all in relation to the restrictions and powers of the United States Constitution. Under the term of Washington, there were many affairs to deal with, mainly foreign. Hamilton saw much to admire in Britain, and when Britain was so burdened with debt that it seemed on the verge of bankruptcy, his reforms restored his country’s financial health. The success of Hamilton’s financial program, moreover, depended on smooth relations with Britain: duties on imports provided a major source of federal evenue, and most American imports came from Britain. Hamilton did not believe in returning the Americans to British rule; he had, after all, fought for independence as an officer of the Continental army. Nor did he seek to establish a monarchy in the United States. But he thought a friendly relationship with the onetime mother country would best serve American interests. In contrast, Jefferson remained deeply hostile to Britain, and his Anglophobia played a central role in his growing opposition to Hamilton. The treasury secretary’s method of finance, with a bank and large funded debt, seemed, as in art it was, based on a British model, one that to Jefferson was dangerous because it allowed abundant opportunity for corruption. For ex ample, Jefferson stated, â€Å"The incorporation of a bank, and the powers assumed by this bill, have not, in my opinion, been delegated to the United States, by the Constitution. † (Document C). Jefferson was also deeply loyal to France, the Americans’ old ally in the War for Independence. While serving as minister to France during the 1780’s, Jefferson had witnessed the beginnings of the French Revolution, which in his opinion only tightened the bond between France nd America, whose Revolution, he thought, had inspired the French. These differences widened as issues in foreign policy came to dominate Washington’s administration, and they gradually marked a division. In 1790, Britain and Spain seemed likely to go to war; then Britain seemed headed for the war with France that finally broke out in 1793. Jefferson argued that Britain’s situation gave the United States an opportunity to secure concessions in return for American neutrality. The Britis h had never evacuated their posts in the Northwest, and westerners suspected the British of sing those bases to provoke Indian attacks on the American frontier. But on April 22, 1793, Washington, influenced by Hamilton, who desperately wanted to avoid any altercation with Britain, issued a proclamation that essentially announced American neutrality without even trying to secure any concessions in return. A few months later, Jefferson submitted his resignation as secretary of state, which took effect at the end of the year. Since the Farewell Address was understood as Washington’s parting advice to his country, it was widely read and remains one of the most frequently reprinted documents n American history. It was a moving document, beginning with expressions of the sixty- four-year-old Washington’s gratitude to his â€Å"beloved country† for the honors and confidence it had invested in him and a reference to â€Å"the increasing weight of years† that admo nished him â€Å"more and more, that the gloom of retirement is as necessary to me as it is welcome. † Then the president offered advice, based on â€Å"much reflection,† that might â€Å"contribute to the permanency of your felicity as a People. † He urged his countrymen to support the public credit, to â€Å"observe good faith and justice towards all Nations† while voiding permanent alliances with any, and to disdain â€Å"over-grown Military establishments,† which were always â€Å"inauspicious to liberty. † But the thrust of his message concerned the country’s political divisions. However, it seems strange in retrospect, that the Adams administration had a president from one party (Federalist) and vice-president from another (Republican). But Adams and Jefferson had been allies in the struggle for independence and, in the 1780’s, deepened their bonds while serving together as diplomats in Europe. Most important, problems wi th France remained pressing. After hearing about Jay’s Treaty, the French, who began seizing American ships bound for England, would not recognize the neutral rights of American ships and in December 1796 refused to accept the new American minister to France. As the war fever grew, Adams fell into Washington’s old position, regarding critics of his government as rebellious people who put their confidence in France rather than their own government. Federalists in Congress went further, passing a series of laws for the suppression of the Republicans. Three Alien Acts, passed in June and July of 798, moved against immigrants, who were often members of the Republican Party. The first, an Alien Enemies Act that allowed the president to arrest or banish enemy aliens, would rake effect only if war was declared. Another Alien Act allowed the president to deport any foreigners he considered dangerous to the public peace and safety, and a Naturalization Act increased the time of residence before immigrants c ould become Citizens, and therefore acquire voting rights. The Alien Act also stated that, â€Å"†¦whenever there shall be a declared war between the United States, by any foreign ation or government, or any invasion or predatory incursion shall be perpetrated, attempted, or threatened against the territory of the United States, by any foreign government, and the President of the United States shall make public proclamation of the event†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Document E). As America’s population grew and increasing numbers of white settlers looked westward for affordable land, events were unfolding that would dramatically change the map of America and influence the nation’s political, economic, and social development for much of the nineteenth century. At issue was the so-called Louisiana Territory, an enormous area that stretched from the Mississippi River in the East to the Rocky Mountains in the West and north to Canada. Like most Americans, Jefferson harbored the belief that Louisiana would some day belong to the United States. It was thought that control of Louisiana, long considered a natural extension of the United States, loomed critical in defending the country’s expanding frontier against Indian raids and foreign adventurers as well as serving as a valuable source of raw materials, most notable the worthwhile western fur trade. Most important, in Jefferson’s view, the Louisiana Territory would be America’s ultimate safety valve: a seemingly limitless territory to which Indians could be removed ahead of white settlement and, above all, a place where landless immigrants from the East might move to carry on the American tradition that he deemed so essential to the well-being of the Republic. The Louisiana Purchase Treaty, also came out of this purchase. Which was a positive boost to the relationship between the United States and France, because as stated, â€Å" The First Consul of the French Republic desiring to give to the United a strong proof of his friendship doth hereby cede to the United States in the name of the French Republic†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Document F). Altogether, a new American nation emerged solely on these incidences in history. They helped pave the way for future and current political parties, and influenced their beliefs in domestic and foreign issues. Though these perspectives are represented on a wide scale, they are related in that all Americans seek perfection whether it is concerning domestic and foreign policies, and how that relation is always connected to our supreme United States Constitution.